The State of Change in Healthcare Reforms

The current state of change in healthcare reforms and women’s health legislation is challenging in nature. This is because there are several factors that do not easily change though health care demands changes in order to meet the needs of patients, and especially women who are mostly disadvantaged. Health care change that addresses women’s concern has a lot and benefits to them in one way or another.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The State of Change in Healthcare Reforms specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During this 21st century era, there is a need for change in health care delivery in various organizations. Apparently, there major factors that had affected change and reforms in health care for a long period of time. If this organization will not consider these factors and act accordingly, it will never experience positive reforms both currently and in future. This paper explores the hea lthcare change that has taken place in my organization recently. According to Halvorson (2007), there are about four major factors that made it cumbersome for health care to be reformed fully in the last few decades. First, there is unfair allocation of care costs. The second factor is weak delivery process. Thirdly, the impact of financial incentives affects health care in a negative way. Lastly, health care fail to apply systems thinking in the career. These factors are basic realities and failure to reconsider them can result into dilemma in heath care and women’s health in any given organization. In this case, health care plan in my organization had failed to consider these factors and at the same time was not ready to embrace organizational change of any nature. Let us consider women’s health in general. It is imperative to note that women still face numerous intricacies in health care deliveries. Many of them lack adequate health care insurance and generally do n ot have a good quality life irrespective of living long, they are sufferers of personal and collective cruelty and unfairness (Alexander et al., 2009). It is against this backdrop that these factors that my organization saw it necessary to inject relevant change in healthcare. It is imperative to initiate change in order to improve health care and its facilities. Notably, initiating change will meet current demands of reforms in health care.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Proper assessment of the organization was necessary before eventually embarking on the process of change. For instance, changing the model of formulating policies as well as exploring ways to maintain available finances was found to be integral in the health care reform process in my organization. The current state of change in my organization which is mostly touching on the area of women’s health is indeed a major breakthrough. It is worth noting that the organization lacks the necessary machinery to bring drastic changes in managing prevailing problems in health care and especially health care concerns on women. Some of the stumbling blocks include gender inequality in health care, low income among women as well as few trained and professional women in the organization. Consequently, women workers are more but only a few are professional. Worse still, those who are professional are discriminated. This is an example of a case in which organizational change has sometimes been resisted. Resistance exists because the organization fails to realize that women are more in terms of numbers but are discriminated when offering fringe benefits in healthcare. There are typical examples that demonstrate how the organization had failed to initiate organizational change. It had failed to change in several areas such as delivery system, financing women’s health and making po licies that will be able to meet women’s problems (Stanfield, Cross Hui, 2009). The unmet needs in health care and women’s health care are as the result of these factors which seem to stay irrespective of what is expected in the organization. The policies made in health care do not consider how to address the way in which provisions can be made to finance women’s health. The delivery systems do not have sufficient money. In this case, delivery systems demands drastic change in order to improve the services in health care and women’s health.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The State of Change in Healthcare Reforms specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is paramount to make some recommendations concerning the current research regarding change in health care organizations. First, there is a need to look for concrete solutions to make policies that will finance every health care de livery in various organizations. Finances will help to make sufficient health care treatment for all patients including neglected women. Those in management should look for ways on how to enhance health coverage to patients. The current research shows that many patients go home without full treatment due to minimal monetary from their places of work. As a matter of fact, the women’s health act has come in handy with the current healthcare change in this organization. This legislation is expected to offer special health care packages for women who work in this organization. It is recommendable to consider the need for improving research and delivery of services. Currently, the organization has not invested much on research on essential health issues that can bring positive reforms. However, it has been operating under poor delivery of services. This trend needs a drastic change. Notably, educating managerial leaders on how to offer better services will help to curb this proble m. However, change and reforms in healthcare delivery are unavoidable in this organization. References Alexander, L, LaRosa, J, Bader, H, Alexander, W Garfield, S. (2009). New Dimensions in Women’s Health. Sudbury, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Halvorson, G. (2007). Health Care Reform Now!: A Prescription for Change. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley Sons. Stanfield, P., Cross, N. Hui, Y. (2009). Introduction to the Health Professions. Sudbury, MA: Jones Bartlett Publishers.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on The State of Change in Healthcare Reforms was written and submitted by user Mckenz1e to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Appearances Can Be Deceiving

Appearances Can Be Deceiving Free Online Research Papers Everyone has experiences that prove to be defining moments in their lives- moments that cause us to look at the world or ourselves and what we can accomplish differently, moments that affect a change of opinion on a particular subject. In Mark Jarman’s poem Ground Swell, published in 1997, there is a very clear example of this; but in Sherman Alexie’s short story, â€Å"Class,† published in 2000, six years ago, this moment is elusive, perhaps even nonexistent. Appearances can be deceiving, but sometimes accurate, and in these two literary works, I will argue that one is true for each- the particular moment in actuality did change the person; and that the moment only superficially changed the character, and even then only for a short while (perhaps even not at all). In the first piece I will talk about, Mark Jarman’s poem Ground Swell, the defining moment for the main character, who is fifteen in the time he’s recalling- who I’m arbitrarily assuming to be Mark himself, though I think inaccurately- is when ¬ he is out in the early morning, surfing, and is noticed by someone who has just graduated and â€Å"grown a great blonde mustache† (p.808, line31), which prompts him to â€Å"reconsider [his worldly] worth† (p.808, line 37). The first couple lines of this story reminded me a lot of the movie Dazed and Confused- â€Å"Is nothing real but when I was fifteen / going on sixteen, like a corny song?† (p.808, line 1-2). There’s no real connection between them, but they do share a theme of teen . . . angst is the only word I can think of. This, in conjunction with the poem’s generally melancholy and blue tone, kind of gives me the impression that his mindset at the time was â€Å"if these are the best years of my life, kill me now,† which is a line said in Dazed and Confused. The second literary piece is a short story by Sherman Alexie and is entitled â€Å"Class.† It’s a fairly straight-forward story, and by the end, after what we’ve read of what he’s gone through, some of us (desperately) want for him to have changed. The â€Å"defining† moment for this main character, a native-American named Edgar Eagle Runner- and an argument cold be made for two defining moments- occurs when Edgar discovers the love notes between his wife and her lover (not Edgar); and possibly when he decides to fight Junior near the end. But I said I would argue that neither of these are defining moments. Part of this stems from the cold, emotional detachment of the story; and another part stems from the fact that he was writing- probably thinking, now that I think about it- about what happened with 20/20 hindsight, and that put an inflection to his voice, which I think came through, however subtly; and yet another part comes from the matter-of-fact, just-the-facts-and-nothing-else prose: we never get inside his head to read what he’s thinking and why he reacted they way he did, and therefore never really connect with him, though we think we have. Personally, I think it could have been a bit more loquacious. I’ve yet to talk in detail about the actual events and how they changed the character in Ground Swell. To refresh your memory, the character being written about is fifteen, going on sixteen, and while out surfing one early morning (we’re led to presume after the school year has ended), he’s noticed by a now graduated former fellow student, with some surprise. Up until that point, like I said earlier, I think he has a very â€Å"if these are the best years of my life, kill me now† attitude at the moment. And based on this, after this moment, I think he got the will to live again- really live, and do something in life, not just listlessly loiter around. If Jarman, the author, is describing a real, past event of his- which earlier I said I was beginning to question- it is a very surreal event: a now-graduated senior noticed him, an innocuous, newly enrolled freshman (perhaps now a sophomore), among huge, more noticeable waves- peers. The passage reads:  "There was a day or two when [. . .] / an older boy [. . .] / skimmed past me [. . .] / and said my name. I was so much younger, / to be identified by one like him [. . .] / made me / reconsider my worth. I had been noticed. / [. . .] He had said my name / without scorn, just a bit surprised / to notice me among those trying the big waves / of the morning break.† (page 808, lines 29-43). I get a hint that this kid didn’t have very many friends, probably because he didn’t care enough one way or the other, I think mainly because he was so innocuous, and therefore he never had the best self-esteem. After this moment, having been noticed, a new door opened inside and a new person emerged. Though I don’t think this is even hinted at, I get the feeling the older boy was a more popular boy. If so, that would make being noticed even more significant to this person because that would mean he’s not as worthless as he thought, in any sense- looks, popularity, grades, etc. Near the end of the poem, a few lines make me think of what his future will be: â€Å"He came home in a bag / that may have mixed in pieces of his squad. / Yes, I can write about a lot of things / besides the summer that I turned sixteen. / But that’s my ground swell.† (page 809, lines 48-52). Having been noticed by what I have deemed a popular boy- for him a life-changing event- and then seeing him come home in a bag, the possibility of other people mixed in on the table, I sense a strong, yet ever so subtle hint that he became some sort of political activist, or maybe a politician (though I kind of doubt this one). The other story I will talk about is â€Å"Class,† by Sherman Alexie. The story here is also very straight-forward; however, it doesn’t start at the beginning of where the author started it. It starts around the time he enters the bar- everything else is just back-story information so it seems the last line has more weight than it really does. I said there are two events some might call life-changing for Edgar: when he finds his wife’s lover’s letters, and when he decides to fight Junior. I also said I would argue that neither of these are life-changing, and in fact, nothing in this story is. We first find out about the affair in this line: â€Å"[. . .] while Susan kept he Friday lunches free so she could carry on an / affair with an architect named Harry[,]† (p.588, line 80.1-2) and goes on to say he â€Å"discovered his love letters hidden in a shoe box at the bottom of her walk-in / closet.† (P.588, line 80.5-6) This blunt, mater-of-fact prose is very stripped- stripped of emotion, of excess words, excess anything really- and as such, I don’t think we can really sympathize with him- it’s out of the blue, with no foreshadowing, and, for me at least, actually kind of awkward. A 20/20 hindsight inflection can be heard, and I think it hurts the story deeply. Later in the story, Edgar decides to fight Junior (he â€Å"looked like Chief Broom in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest.† (p592, line175.11)). But this also isn’t a life-changing event because nothing really comes of it. We neither see the change prompting it, nor the aftereffects. At the very least, Alexie could have had a closing paragraph, style- and prose-consistent, detailing how the fight effected him. Instead, he just has the line â€Å"I was gone. But now I’m back.† (p.596, line 310.2). Personally, in and of itself, I like this line, it’s a very cool line. But I don’t think such a superficial sto ry deserved such a (possibly) deep and meaning-filled ending. I know I’ve heard this ending before, but if this is where we got it, I can only think that someone was drawn into the false emotion of this story. Here, the ending just reeks of pretension and emotional manipulation- making you care about something that through no evidence from the story you should care about. In conclusion, moments are experienced by all which prove to be great and important moments in a person’s life- sometimes these are moments which make us look at the world and/or ourselves in a new light, and sometimes these moments cause us to change our attitude or outlook on a particular subject. In the poem Ground Swell, by Mark Jarman, published in 1997, there is a very great, and very clear example of this; however, in a short story by Sherman Alexie published in 2000 entitled â€Å"Class,† the example we want to be there actually isn’t, but in fact is lost (if ever it was there) in a prose that screams superficial and false. I have argued, successfully I hope, my stance on each of these literary works regarding these moments, or lack thereof. 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Betrayal In The Kite Runner English Literature Essay

Betrayal In The Kite Runner English Literature Essay In this essay I pretend to demonstrate what is betray, in both books it presents a long variety of examples of betrayal, as we know betray is something that had exist in all over the world also is considered as a sin, most of the people had been betrayed more than one time in their lives, but anyone can tell or express their feelings when they feel betrayed, the only way that people can express that feeling is writing, Khaled Hosseini and Ian McEwan show us in their books how betray is presented in the characters. I had read both books and I love them because present us a lot of themes that I feel related with them, but the most important theme that interest me is betray because most of people had suffered one single act of betray. I can compare these two books because both have similarities and can compare to in real life, in a real context. Also these two books showed us how people betray their closest friends or families. The most important think that I am going to present is the cultural differences between Amir and Bryony and why is the main purpose of acting like that and the Redemption of their acts. The first time when Amir Commit betrays is when he saw Assef raping Hassan when Amir won the Kites contest because Hassan denied giving up the kite blue of Amir to Assef; when Assef was ripping Hassan he said â€Å"A loyal Hazara, loyal as a dog†. (The kite runner pages 71-78)1. With this quote I try to explain how betray is clearly present because he betray his confidence, Amir should try to do something to help Hassan and stop that act of insanity. Also Amir felt that he deserved because Amir comes from and high social class because their cultural differences are so strong, because Amir’s and Hassan’s father is the same but he made love with the servant but Amir is a Pashtu and Hassan is a Hazara. The Kite Runner pages 71-78)1 In Atonement Briony betrays her sister, because Briony saw her sister having sex in the library with Robbie à ¢â‚¬Å"When she took another few steps she saw then, dark shapes in the furthest corner. Though they were immobile, her immediately understanding was that she had interrupted an attack, a hand-to-hand fight. The scene was so entirely a realization of her worst fears that she sensed that her overanxious imagination had projected the figures onto the packed spines of books. This illusion, or hope of one, was dispelled as her eyes adjusted to the gloom. No one moved. Briony stared past Robbie’s shoulder into terrified eyes of her sister.† (Atonement page 116)2 , but when the twin’s carrot head escaped to their home, Briony was looking for them and suddenly saw that Lola was being raped by an unknown person, Briony think that Robbie did it because she thought that he was a sexual maniac because she had read the letter that Robbie sent to her sister. Briony betrays her sister because she told to the police that Robbie tried to rape Lola, suddenly Briony showed them the letter that Robbie wrote to Cecilia. Briony never realized that she destroyed two lives (Cecilia and Robbie Lives). Here I tried to explain in both books how families can betray their relatives and destroy a life, also these two books have are related in the same way of betrayal why I said this well, because Briony and Amir had betrayed in one purpose; to feel secure of themselves and demonstrate who is in charge or demonstrate that they are not weak.

Outsourcing and Manufacturing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Outsourcing and Manufacturing - Assignment Example In addition, labor shortages in the manufacturing industry may compel them to outsource their services. This is mostly evident in china where most individuals are opting to remain in the rural areas due to the rising costs in urban areas (Loyalka, 2012). The fact that their population is fast aging is also a compelling factor for manufacturing industries in the country to outsource. For America to succeed, it ought to educate most of its students mostly in science, engineering, math, and technology (Malone, 2012). This is because most of the manufacturing positions are lacking applicants due to unavailability of the necessary skills required to partake those manufacturing jobs. Moreover, for a manager to succeed in the 21st century, they ought to have a good working relation with their employees to enable them fish out and solve any arising problems. The managers also ought to be on the lookout for any sign of labor shortage or increased cost of production that might bring their organization down. Where need be, the managers should outsource some of the services that they find expensive for their companies to

Soul mate A myth or reality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Soul mate A myth or reality - Research Paper Example Subsequently, this paper explicates whether the laws of attraction makes the concept of soul mates realistic. In terms of the Greek mythology, the notion of soul mates originates from Zeus, the king of gods (Salemo 153). The soul mate allegory in Greek mythology follows that Zeus at one time was infuriated by the intrepid and audacious conduct of human beings and as a consequence, he resolved to bestow a punishment upon them (Salemo 153). The audacious attitude of human beings as portaged in the Greek mythology originated from the fact that human beings had eight limbs i.e. four arms and four legs, and dual faces. The gods felt that their authority would be challenged by human beings and to prevent this, Zeus split or separated humans into two parts. Initially, Zeus plan appeared to have been an excellent and ingenious plan. Subsequently, his plan resulted to unanticipated problems. Therefore, as postulated by Salemo, he resolved to allow or make possible each one of the two parts to get together with the other matching part (153). Regardless of the fact that this mythology is acceptable, t here are issues that make the mythology unfeasible. For instance, Salemo notes that the two matching parts may be located far from each other and hence make it impossible for the individuals to meet or get together (154). The concept of soul mates as a myth is supported by Thibodeau. He supports his notion through a theory presented by Aristotle that "Love is composed of a single soul inhabiting two bodies" (22). In his argument, Thibodeau notes that Aristotle failed to consider the fact that every human being exists to develop his or her own soul (22). It is true that finding a soul mate translates to two individuals building a flawless relationship characteristic of mutual interests and attractions. However, it is important to note that each person, according to Thibodeau, is complete

The Decoration of Houses Essay -- Literary Analysis, Edith Wharton

In Edith Wharton’s first major work, The Decoration of Houses, she states that â€Å"the impression produced by a landscape, a street or a house should always, to the novelist, be an event in the history of the soul† (qtd. in Falk 23). Later in her Pulitzer-winning novel The Age of Innocence, Wharton uses her knowledge and love of architecture to develop her characters, as she had previously deemed important. Thus, she takes style of houses, their design, and their European or American identification into consideration and depicts characteristics of the New York society and the major characters. Ranks in the social order are shown based on where in the New York district a character lives, personalities of aristocrats that are cold are shown through plain walls and furnishings, and some characters are separated from society because they follow different strains of architecture and interior design. At the beginning of the novel, Beaufort’s house quickly stands out as a character who earned his place in society through the architecture of his home. It is the first described and â€Å"one of the few in New York that possess[es] a ballroom . . . this undoubted superiority [is] felt to compensate for whatever [is] regrettable in the Beaufort past† (13). This characterizes the upper class society of New York. Clearly, architecture must be important if a ballroom guarantees someone a high rank, and it can even cover up the fact that Beaufort was not born into the social order and has a mistress. Ada Van Gastel, a Wharton critic who wrote â€Å"The Location and Decoration of Houses in The Age of Innocence,† points out another way that Beaufort’s property represents him: â€Å"Having only recently entered society, he still resides on the ... ...lot, yet at this point, he is identified with New York. He tries to break away later, but like the plot of the novel, he cannot leave America or the architecture attributed to it. Wharton artfully uses her love of architecture in The Age of Innocence. She shows some characters as elite but plain New Yorkers, just like their house. Beaufort uses his to break into society, but he never quite fits. All the same, Archer cannot be characterized as directly. He wants to be European, like Ellen Olenska and Catherine Mingott, but it does not work. Architecture seems to confusedly describe him in this, which portrays his own confusion with it. It may also show Edith Wharton’s uncertainty on whether she liked his character or not. In the end, when she announces that he will never fit in with the European characters, maybe she is deciding her view of him.

Oil & Gas Management

Abstract The Gulf of Mexico incident is an occurrence that many people in the United Kingdom and Mexico, who were affected, would like to forget as it had immense environmental and economic impact to them. This paper is going to describe the extent to which the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico is considered to have led to a meaningful reform of the regulation of the offshore oil and gas industry on the UK continental shelf. These include well planning and control, environmental protection, emergency response, authority for stopping operations off, catastrophic BOP’s failure, the significance of simple checks, protection of the whistle-blowers, and a summary or conclusion of the described measures. Introduction An explosion took place on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig on 20 April 2010 leading to the death of 11 workers. The region is in the Gulf of Mexico and was under contract to the British petroleum. It is still not yet known the extent of the damage that took place both on the environment and the communities around. Among the errors that led to the incident is the fact that the two pods of control on the BOP of the Deepwater Horizon showed that there was an error in a vital valve in one of the pods of control, and that the other pod of control did not have adequate charge on the batteries; it is believed that these faults were there during the time that the accident happened. There was at least a single working control pod needed to run the automatic mode function that would have helped in closing up the BOP. The automatic mode function should have taken place in an automatic manner, without being aided, when the hydraulic line together with the electric cables were destroyed in the explosion. The automatic mode function is a very important system of backup. This paper is going to describe extent to which the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico is considered to have led to a meaningful reform of the regulation of the offshore oil and gas industry on the UK continental shelf. Well planning and control The reforms that were recommended by the panel included making sure that the Well Life Cycle Practices Forum remained in place permanently. It is also required that the professional, influential representatives from the HSE and the industry meet on a regular basis to decide, review and always improve values and standards for good practice in the well integrity as well as management of application in the UKCS. The Macondo blowout is taken into consideration by the standards and consists of operating practices, sufficiency and consistency of the safety vital equipment (particularly BOPs), testing and maintenance of hardware; proficiency and training of personnel; organizational and human features. They share these standards with the partners in the industry and international regulators and the organizations that set the standards. In consideration of the Macando, it was also required that the following are considered; Whether a change in the control of well standards it essential to ne cessitate at least two barricades to be in place (besides the BOP) during the moving of a well to a situation that is not balanced with the zone of production, and; Whether there is any change required to make the operators provide notice warning about each time a situation is arrived at where the BOP together with one other barricade to a release is attained. Protecting the Environment The DECC and the industry are required to work hand in hand for the purposes of developing and adopting improvements like: The concept of Environmental Assurance plan that possibly uses the Environmental Management System or the Environmental Statement as living equipment for engendering a concept of goal-setting to environmental policies intended to continuously improving, especially in relation to the low-frequency incidents that have high impact. The identification and cohesive treatment of the generic features of documents of environmental assurance to enable the devotion of more effort to some other more localized or particular areas of possible risk and impact, via more rigorous use of internet systems. The industry has also been challenged to take greater ownership of the available regulatory requirements of the environment, which include appraisal of the contractual arrangements for the preparation and keeping up-to-date the required documents making them into tools for drivi ng improvements in the environmental evaluation and protection. The regulator is also required to continue working with the industry so as to make identifications of the ways in which the available requirements of reporting, particularly about compliance to the environmental requirements, may be rationalized or even simplified. Additionally, there might be more that should be done to show the need for, and resultant value of the comprehensive environmental evaluations that is required of them, with a need and aim of offering increases scope for approaches that are innovative to the improvement of the standards of the environment. It has also been recommended that the documents of guidance that relate to the offshore environmental effect evaluation, regulatory activities and enforcement should be revised and reviewed on a regular basis, initially following the changes in the procedures that came up from the Macando and consequently taking into consideration any other applicable or re levant occurrences, for the reinforcement of the continuous culture improvement of the UKCS and ensuring that operators are well acquainted with the present requirements and expectations of environmental best practice. In addition, since the incident of the Deepwater Horizon, some other interim environmental regulation and inspection steps that have been taken by the United Kingdom include the increasing of the number of yearly environmental inspections to the drilling rigs, besides hiring three more inspectors. This consequently increased the total number of the inspectors of the drilling rigs to ten, and this includes one inspector who is senior. Considering the less widespread areas of responsibility of the DECC in comparison to the HSE, it together with its prototype agencies have all worked with fewer inspectors as compared with the HSE. The HSE has 114 professional inspectors, whereas the DECC has about ten inspectors. The onshore offices and offshore installations are visited by DECC inspectors for the inspection of the management systems and records. They also go there to interview individuals and appraise the conditions of the site, practices and standards. The increased number of the site inspectors is expected to enable the DECC raise the number of inspections on the environment done on the mobile drilling rigs across the country from an average of seven to at least 16 on yearly basis immediately. The Cabinet Secretary referred to the inspectors’ movement between the private and public sectors. This might render it very difficult for the recruitment and maintaining of inspectors that are highly qualified in the future. The offshore inspectorate of the DECC describe their strategy of environmental inspection as one that is risk-based. This means that of the rigs that are presently carrying out activities of drilling, nearly twenty four of them, which translates to about twenty percent are on gas reservoirs; however, the DECC argue that this in herently does not pose much risk to the environment in comparison with those that operate on oil reservoirs. Hence, this is taken into consideration, together with the site of the rig and the well’s nature, the DECC aims to inspect the rigs that carryout drilling activity on particular oil reservoirs. Responding to Emergencies Arrangements for giving response to the incidents of oil spilling that pose potential danger to the marine environment were established by the Oil Pollution Emergency Plans. The plans intend to prevent pollutions as such and minimize or decrease the effect that might come with it. The Oil Pollution Emergency Plans are risk evaluations that are applicable to a particular installation or field. Their focus is on the worse-case instance; as a result of the incident at the Gulf of Mexico, the United Kingdom operators are not expected to do extra modeling for the installations of deepwater, which include a more appraisal of the predictions of oil spill beaching. These plans are also appraised by the Maritime Coastguard Department and some other related consulters like the Maritime Management Agency and the related inshore statutory agency. Witnesses were asked about the way they had changed their ways of operation in the United Kingdom deepwaters since the occurrence in the Mexican Gulf. Some of them said that they do not believe they had basically changed in any manner. This was due to the strong regulatory era that was the Cullen’s legacy of inquiry into the incident of Piper Alpha. However, with regard to establishing any changes in regulation in reaction to the tragedy of the Deepwater Horizon, they were wary of making universal and global changes that might not be proper for them from incident to incident, the kernel of what is in the safety case era. There is a feeling that the industry appears to be reacting to incidences after they have occurred instead of having anticipations and making proper planning for the high-consequence events that are low in probability. It is beyond reasonable doubt that the industry and BP’s inability to respond because it was not prepared in a proper manner was not acceptable. The black swans’ occurrence appears to be more frequent nowadays. The United Kingdom has high regulatory standards of offshore, as sho wn by the Safety Case Regime, which was established in reaction to the 1998 Piper Alpha incident. The regulatory framework of the United Kingdom is on the basis of flexible and goal-getting approaches that are stronger than those that the Deepwater Horizon operated under. Despite the high standards of regulation in the United Kingdom, they are concerned that the industry of offshore gas and oil is giving a response to disasters instead of anticipation worst-instance cases and making proper planning for the high-aftermath, low-probability occurrences. Role of the Offshore Installations Manager We are informed from both the industry and the regulator that there were individual offshore installations that always have the power to shut down the well. Bridging documents were created between the systems of the owner of the rig and the operator systems of the well to ensure that issues like who has the final word or say are properly agreed before any operation is commenced. The HSE stated that there will normally be one individual who is actually responsible for matters safety on the rig, which is the Offshore Installations Manager, the contractor of drilling. There are huge financial implications of delaying the operations of drilling even just for very short periods. In the instance of the Deepwater Horizon, we find that the BP had the aim of drilling the Macondo well for a period of 51 days only, at about 96 million dollars. It was expected that the platform of drilling would be taking off as early as 8 March 2012; however, the Macando well unexpectedly took a longer period. By the 20th April, the day that there was the blowout, which killed eleven individuals, the rig was already late by 43 days, and this would have led to an extra cost of 21 million dollars in lease fees only. There is a danger that those who are responsible for making decisions to stop operations could feel economic pressure not to do so if was possible. Catastrophic BOP’s failure The last defense line against the Macondo incident was a device known as the ‘blind shear ram’, which is part of the BOP found on top of the wellhead, and more than a mile below the ocean floors’ surface. If the oil’s upward pressure and the gas that is in the reservoir became more than the heavy drilling fluid’s downward pressure, and all the other resources for controlling the well failed to operate, the two blades of the blind shear ram, were expected to slice through the pipe of the drill and then help in sealing the well. If the BOP had worded as expected, the whole incident would not have occurred and all the lives would not have been lost. Taking into account the single blind-shear ram’s failure to run the blowout preventer of the Deepwater Horizon, which appeared to be one of the major causes of the blowout of the well of Macondo, it was recommended that the Safety and Health Executive particularly review the case for prescription that the United Kingdom Continental Shelf’s blowout preventers are well equipped with the two blind shear ram. Whereas the flexibility of the safety regulation regime of the United Kingdom seemed to have performed properly, it was also been seen that for fail-safe devices like blowout preventer, the administration or the government has adopted minimum, strict standards of safety or show that these would not actually be an economical, last-resort against catastrophes. Importance of simple checks An appraisal of the two pods of control on the BOP of the Deep-water Horizon as a result of the incident showed that there was an error in a vital valve in one of the pods of control, and that the other pod of control did not have adequate charge on the batteries; it is believed that these faults were there during the time that the accident happened. There was at least a single working control pod needed to run the automatic mode function that would have helped in closing up the BOP. The automatic mode function should have taken place in an automatic manner, without being aided, when the hydraulic line together with the electric cables were destroyed in the explosion. The automatic mode function is a very important system of backup. It is of great concern that the simple failures of various systems were not identified during the process of inspection. As a consequence, a programme has been implemented across the global drilling operation to make sure that the equipment operates the w ay it is designed to do. Another thing that has been done to ensure that such preventable incidences do not repeat include fundamentally improving the testing procedures of the blowout preventers, which consists of making sure that the systems of backup work and are properly tested in the process of drilling a well. This is another instance of the industry giving a response to an accident instead of anticipating a possible problem, even though the new regime is highly welcome. It is believed that the authorities have to make sure that the offshore inspection regime of the United Kingdom could not be susceptible to simple faults like having a battery that does not have sufficient charge, to go without being noticed. Need to protect the whistle-blowers Owing to the immense economic pressure of keeping a drilling rig functional, it is of great concern to various stakeholders that the workers who attempt to talk about safety matters might be or even feel like they are intimidated by their seniors. The whistle-blowers are not in a position of calling a halt or bringing to a stop some things and the managers and clearly attempting to make money for the organization. Their primary responsibility is not protecting the environment. Some contradicting reports were found from the HSE regarding harassment and aggravation on the rigs as well as the industry’s assurances that honest whistleblowers will be given a hearing and protection. The government has also ensured that there are discussions with the unions and industry about the further actions that are required for the prevention of representatives of safety from feeling or being intimidated by their seniors such that they do not report a danger. Conclusion Following the fatal incidence that occurred in the Mexican Gulf, it is important that there is clarity on the hierarchy and identity of the liable stakeholders to make sure that the government, and thus the taxpayers, doe not need to pay for the outcomes of the offshore accidents. Any lack of hierarchy and clarity on the liability will hamper the compensation payment to those that are affected by the incident of the offshore. It is recommended that it needs to be a requirement of the process of licensing that it proves their capability to pay for the outcomes of any incident that could happen. It is recognized that these measures could actually be added to the cost of investment in the new United Kingdom gas and oil production and encourage the Treasury to consider this during incentives to investments as such. Bibliography A. Hopkins, ‘Risk-management and rule compliance: Decision-making in hazardous industries. Safety Science,’ (49, 110-120, 2011). B.P. 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